Malaysia: Facts & Stats

Demographics

Population:

28 million inhabitants (J2009 estimate) Density: 85 inhabitants per sq. km Malaysia has 49 urban areas with over 100,000 inhabitants.

The five largest cities in Malaysia are:

1. Kuala Lumpur 1,809,699
2. Subang Jaya 1,321,672
3. Klang 1,055,207
4. Johor Bahru 895,509
5. Ampang Jaya

Healthcare:

The Malaysian government places importance on the expansion and development of health care, putting 5% of the government social sector development budget into public health care—an increase of more than 47% over the previous figure. This has meant an overall increase of more than RM 2 billion. With a rising and aging population, the Government wishes to improve in many areas including the refurbishment of existing hospitals, building and equipping new hospitals, expansion of the number of polyclinics, and improvements in training and expansion of telehealth. Over the last couple of years, the Malaysian Health Ministry has increased its efforts to overhaul the systems and attract more foreign investment.

The country generally has an efficient and widespread system of health care. It implements a universal healthcare system, and co-exists with private healthcare system. Infant mortality rate – a standard in determining the overall efficiency of healthcare – in 2005 was 10, comparing favourably with the United States and western Europe. Life expectancy at birth in 2005 was 74 years.

Education:

Education in Malaysia is overseen by two government ministries: the Ministry of Education for matters up to the secondary level, and the Ministry of Higher Education for tertiary education. Although education is the responsibility of the federal government, each state has an Education Department to help coordinate educational matters in their respective states.

Education may be obtained from government-sponsored schools, private schools, or through homeschooling. As in other Asian countries such as Singapore and China, standardised tests are a common feature.

Education in Malaysia broadly consists of a set of stages which include:

• Pre-school
• Primary education
• Secondary education
• Tertiary education
• Postgraduate

Only Primary Education in Malaysia is mandated by law, hence it is not a criminal offence for a child to only go to school for six years of primary education.

Primary and secondary education in government schools are handled by the Ministry of Education, but policies regarding tertiary education are handled by the Ministry of Higher Education, created in 2004.

Starting in 2003, the government introduced the use of English as a medium of teaching in all science subjects, criticised by some as creating discrimination between students who are and who are not fluent in English. This was later revoked and Malay, Chinese and Tamil will once again be the languages of instruction for the sciences in 2012.

Religion:

All the major religious festival days of the Muslims, Buddhists, Hindus, and Christians have been declared national public holidays.

According to the 2000 census and CIA, approximately 60.4% of the population of Malaysia are followers of Islam; 19.2% Buddhism; 9.1% Christianity; 6.3% Hinduism; and 2.6% Confucianism, Taoism, and other traditional Chinese religions.

All Malays (the majority race of the country) are required to be Muslim as defined by the Constitution of Malaysia. Those of Chinese or Indian origin tend not to be Muslim, although they are required to become so if they marry a Muslim person.

Additionally, many of the Chinese community, which comprises the bulk of the Buddhist population, actually practise a mixture of Buddhism, Taoism and Chinese folk religion. As there is no official name for this particular set of beliefs, many followers instead list down their religion as Buddhism, mainly for bureaucratic convenience.

There are also a large number of Sikhs and Bahá'ís found in the country. There are around 100,000 Sikhs mainly Punjabis in Malaysia. Whereas, there are around 50,000 Baha'is of various races in Malaysia.

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